Topobathymetric LiDAR Enhanced by Sonar Support for Deep-Channel Mapping in River Restoration
Paul Burrows
WhiteOut Solutions
St Johnsbury, VT
Accurate representation of river bathymetry is fundamental to effective stream and river restoration design, particularly in dynamic systems where channel morphology drives habitat complexity, sediment transport, and hydraulic connectivity. While topobathymetric LiDAR has emerged as a powerful tool for mapping shallow-water environments, its performance can be limited in deeper or highly turbid channels. Conversely, sonar-based hydrographic methods provide reliable depth measurements in deep-water zones but often lack seamless integration with surrounding floodplain and nearshore topography.
This presentation presents a sensor fusion approach combining airborne topobathymetric LiDAR with sonar-derived bathymetry to generate continuous, high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) across both shallow and deep channel environments. By integrating complementary datasets, the proposed workflow improves coverage in complex river corridors, resolves deep pools and thalweg features, and reduces uncertainty at the land–water interface.
The presentation will look at workflows automation for: water surface normalization, handling turbidity, refraction correction and methods for gap-filling and smoothing at sensor overlap zones. Showing the reproducibility of these methods.
The presentation will include a case study on the San Joaquin River in Stockton, California, demonstrating how LiDAR–sonar fusion provides a more complete representation of channel form than either sensor alone. The fused surface supports restoration practitioners by enabling more accurate hydraulic modeling, geomorphic assessment, and habitat mapping. Applications include designing grade control structures, evaluating channel migration potential, quantifying sediment volumes, and improving baseline conditions for monitoring restoration outcomes.
This work highlights the growing role of multi-sensor hydrospatial mapping in stream restoration and offers a scalable methodology for improving bathymetric data quality in support of resilient river systems.
About Paul Burrows
Paul M. Burrows is a seasoned geospatial professional with over 28 years of industry experience. He currently serves as Vice President of Sales at Whiteout Solutions, based in St. Johnsbury, Vermont.
Throughout his career, Paul has been deeply committed to a customer-centric approach, treating clients as long-term partners and focusing on solving complex business challenges through tailored geospatial solutions.
At Whiteout Solutions, a leader in advanced topobathymetric data collection using helicopter-based aerial platforms, Paul leverages his extensive experience to help organizations unlock the full value of high-resolution geospatial data. His work reflects a continued dedication to innovation, practical problem-solving, and building strong, collaborative relationships that drive meaningful outcomes.